Osteochondrosis of the spine is a chronic disease that changes in the intervert into intervertebral disks located in the spines and between them.Depending on the location of the spine, they distinguish: osteocondrosis of the cervical region, osteocondrosis of the thoracic region and osteocondrosis of the waist region.It is necessary to conduct radiography for the diagnosis of osteocondrosis and aggravation of the spine (for example, the intervertible disk) - the MRI of the spine.In the treatment of osteocondrosis of the spine, along with medicinal methods, widely used, reflexology, massage, manual therapy, physiotherapy and physiotherapy exercises are widespread.
Etiology and pathogenesis
To a degree or other, the waist's osteocondrosis is developing in all elderly and is one of the processes of the body's aging.Earlier or later, atrophic changes in the intervertebral disk occur, but excessive loads of injuries, diseases and various spine contributes to the previous state of osteocondrosis.The most common osteocondrosis of the cervical region and the osteocondrosis of the waist spine.
About 10 theory of osteocondrosis has been developed: vascular, hormonal, mechanical, heritage, infectious-allergic and others.But none of them are complete explanations of changes in the spine, but they complement each other.
The main point in the formation of osteocondrosis is believed to be constantly loading the vertebral motor segment of two adjacent vertebres.Such an extreme loading, a motor stereotype - can occur in a personal way for posture, sitting and walking.Pertistic diseases sitting in the wrong pose cause an uneven spinal column, causing an extra cargo in spine discs, ligaments and muscles.The process may be aggravated due to the lack of trophy of tissues due to the characteristics and hereditary factors in the spine.Most, the evils in the structure are found in the cervical region and cause the early appearance of the signs of vascular disorders and osteocondrosis of cervical spine.
The formation of osteocondrosis of the Lumbar region is more loaded with multiple loading during the formation, inclination and violence.Can withstand significant loads due to hydrophiliary of the papoose core located in a healthy inter-interverference disc center.There is a lot of water and fluid in the nucleus, as you know, are less squeezed.The splitting of a healthy intervertebral disk may occur with a compression of more than 500 kg, as a result of osteocondrosis, the display was torn with 200 kg compression.The 200 kg of cargo lives a lump of a person in the waist of 200 kg, which is due to the low size of a pulp core when it is 15 kilograms in the condition of the body.Increasing the inclination to 700, the load on intervertebral disks will be 489 kg.Therefore, often the first clinical manifestations of the osteocondrosis of the lumbar waist, while lifting the weights or after the homework, weeds in the garden, etc.
The destruction of a disk fibrous ring, ligaments and connectivity of capsules, the reaction of the immune system and the development of facet compounds and the swelling of the surrounding tissues and the swelling of the surrounding tissues.Due to the displacement of the paper, the capsules of the facade joints are stretched and the modified intervertebral disk is not so strong by the bodies of neighboring vertebrae.The instability of the spinal segment is formed.Due to the impossibility, it is possible to violate the spinal nerve with the development of radicular syndrome.With osteocondrosis of cervical spine, it often occurs with osteocondrosis of the waist region - during the body's planks.It is possible to create a functional block of vertebral motor segment.This is due to compensation reduction of vertebrate muscles.
When the intervertebral disk came back to the disc return, the posterior ligamame ligament ligamame ligament and the dush appears in the spinal canal.At the same time, the core of the disk is squeezed in the Cerebrospina channel, then such a hernia explosion is called.The severity of pain with such a hernia is more than exploded.The ruin of the disk can lead to radicular syndrome or cogged the spinal cord.
Bone tissue growth with osteocondrosis The formation of osteoophytees - the bones have grown over the body and procedure.Osteoophytees can also cause the spinal cord or cause the development of radical syndrome.
Symptoms of spine osteocondrosis
The main symptom of the osteocondrosis of the spine is pain.The pain can be sharp with high intensity, strengthens in the affected segment with the smallest movement, and therefore the patient is a compulsory position.Thus, the cervical spine keeps his head in the least painful pose and can not turn it off, and it is painful in osteocondrosis of the area, and it is difficult to sit with osteocondrosis of the back room.Such pain syndrome is characteristic of squeezing the spine nerve waist.
About 80% of the work has a dull pain of permanent nature and medium intensity.In such cases, after the examination, the doctor should distinguish the manifestations of the waist muscle myosite of the spine.The dumb pain in osteocondrosis is due to extreme muscle voltage, affected vertebral motor segment, inflammatory changes or intervertebral disk.Patients with such pain have no binding position, but the restriction of actions and physical activity has been found.Patients with osteocondrosis of cervical spine, they avoid sharp turns and tilts, with osteocondrosis of the back area - slowly sit down and avoid bending the body.
Concerning the osteocondrosis of the spine
The complication of osteochondrosis is associated with the intervertebring disk.They include a change in numbness, muscle atrophy, tendon reflexes, urines and defecation, with weakness of certain muscle groups (depending on the level of compression).Intervertebral hernia can cause the cogged artery, which feeds the spinal cord with the death of the immoral areas (spinal cord infarction) with the death of extreme nervous cells.This is a neurological deficit (disabled actions, sensitivity, trophic disorders), in accordance with the level and dissemination of Ishemia.
Diagnosis of the osteocondrosis of the spine
The diagnosis of spinal osteocondrosis is carried out by a neurologist or spinal.At the initial stage, the backbone of the spine is carried out in 2 forecasts.If necessary, you can shoot a separate spinal segment and additional forecasts.For the diagnosis of intervertebral torns, evaluate the state of the spinal cord and is used to develop osteocondrosis, magnetic and resonant (spine MRI).The significant role is carried out by the differential diagnosis of osteocondrosing and other diseases of the spine: Tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, tumors, ankylosing spondel, rheumatism, infectious lesions.Sometimes in cervical osteochondrosis of cervical spine, the exclusion of Şringomyelia needs to be excluded.In some cases, if MRI is not possible, myelography is displayed.
A targeted study of the affected intervertebral disk is possible to use discography.Electrophysiological research is used to determine the degree of harm and localization of neuravencies to monitor the recovery process during therapy.
Treatment of osteocondrosis of the spine
In the acute period, the peace is displayed in the affected vertebral motor segment.For this purpose, with the osteocondrosis of the cervical spine, using a chahantz collar of the figure, using a chahantz collar, is used with osteocondrosis of the Lomber region - bed rest.The fixation is also needed with the instability of a vertebral segment for osteocondrosis of the cervical region.
Osteocondrosis is used in drug therapy, non-metering medications (NSAIDs): Diclofenac, Nimesulide, LornoXicam, Meloxicam.With powerful pain syndrome, analgesic, such as floreheso's analgesic center movement.Muscle streams are used to remove muscle tension - Tolperison, Tizanidin.In some cases, it is recommended to set anticonvuls medications - Carbamazepine, Gabapentin;Antidepressants who prefer the inhibitors of the seizure of Serotonin (Jerseralin, Parochetine).
In case of radicular syndrome, stationary treatment is displayed.The local application of glucocorticoids is possible to use a maidscase, traction.In the treatment of osteocondrosis, physiotherapy, reflexology, massage, physiotherapy exercises are widely used.The use of therapy manually requires a clear compliance with its execution and special careful techniques in the treatment of osteocondrosis of the cervical waist.
Spinal operations are primarily shown by an important compression of the spinal cord.This is in the removal of the intervertebral disk and decompression of the spinal canal.It is possible to change the microwl, laser reconstruction, affected disk implant, the stability of the spinal segment.